What are the components of a diesel engine?What is the role of each?
There are many types of diesel models, and the specific structure is not completely the same, but they are basically composed of cylinder head mechanism, crank linkage mechanism, valve distribution mechanism and ventilation system, fuel supply system, lubrication system, cooling system and starting system.
(1) Crank connecting rod mechanism and body parts
The crank connecting rod mechanism is mainly composed of piston, connecting rod, crankshaft and flywheel. Its main function is to change the reciprocating motion of the piston in the cylinder into the rotary motion of the crankshaft, and the rotary motion of the crankshaft into the reciprocating motion of the piston, so as to realize the working cycle and output power.
The body parts mainly include the body, cylinder sleeve, cylinder cover and oil pan. These parts form the skeleton of the diesel engine, and all moving parts and auxiliary systems are supported by it.
(2) Valve train and ventilation system
It includes air filter, air inlet and exhaust pipes, muffler fire extinguisher and gas distribution mechanism. Its main function is to regularly remove waste gas and inhale fresh air, and it also has the functions of filtering air, silencing and extinguishing fire.
(3) Fuel supply system
It mainly includes fuel injector, fuel injection pump, governor, fuel transfer pump, fuel filter and fuel tank. Its function is to inject a certain amount of clean diesel oil with a certain pressure into the combustion chamber with good atomization quality at an appropriate time according to the working requirements of the diesel engine, and make it mix and burn with air quickly and well.
(4) Lubrication system
It is mainly composed of oil pump, oil filter, oil pressure gauge and relevant oil passages. Its function is to send oil to the friction surface of moving parts to reduce the wear of moving parts, reduce friction resistance, and have cooling, sealing, rust prevention and other functions.
(5) Cooling system
It includes water pump, fan, water radiator, oil radiator, etc. Its function is to dissipate the heat of the heated parts into the atmosphere to maintain the proper working temperature of the diesel engine.
(6) Start the system
Its function is to run the stationary diesel engine normally with the help of external forces (human or other power). Due to different starting modes, the components are also different. When the electric starter is used for starting, it includes the electric starter, battery, transmission device and starting switch, etc; When starting with auxiliary engine, it includes starting engine, transmission mechanism, control mechanism, etc. In order to facilitate starting, most diesel engines are also equipped with pressure reducing mechanism, and some are also equipped with preheating equipment.
